Prevalence and Determinants of Hearing Loss in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis is a common otorhinolaryngologic condition that is often encountered in daily practice. Nasal obstruction has been found to be the most disturbing symptom in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis which could predispose them to otologic pathologies.

Aim: to assess the prevalence and determinants of hearing loss among patients with chronic rhinosinusitis in the Lagos State University Teaching hospital.

Method: an analytical cross-sectional study which was conducted among 256 patients diagnosed with chronic rhinosinusitis in Lagos State University Teaching Hospital. Participants� audiological profiles was assessed by conducting Pure Tone Audiometry and tympanometry. Data obtained were analyzed with SPSS software version 27.0.

Result: The participants aged 40-49 years constituted the largest age group (30.1%) and most of them were female (69.5%). The prevalence of hearing loss among the participants was 40.2%. There was reduced odds for hearing loss among participants aged 20-29 years (AOR= 0.043, 95% C.I= 0.012- 0.157), 30-39 years (AOR= 0.042, 95% C.I= 0.010- 0.171) and 40-49 years (AOR= 0.075, 95% C.I= 0.027- 0.209). Also there was reduced odds for hearing loss in male (AOR= 0.142, 95% C.I= 0.057- 0.357), but those with facial pain had increased odds for hearing loss (AOR= 5.814, 95% C.I=1.742- 19.231) and those that with nasal polyp had increased odds for hearing loss (AOR= 2.134, 95% C.I= 1.023- 4.451).

Conclusion: the prevalence of hearing loss was high in chronic rhinosinusitis and its determinants were age group, gender, facial pain and nasal polyps.